Table of Contents
What Are They? | Types of Crowns | Types of Bridges | Crown Procedure | Bridge Procedure | Crown vs Bridge | Longevity & Care | FAQs
Key Takeaways (TL;DR)
- Dental crowns cover and protect damaged teeth – full-coverage restorations that restore strength and appearance
- Dental bridges replace one or more missing teeth – using adjacent teeth as anchors for fixed prosthetics
- Multiple crown materials are available – including porcelain, zirconia, metal, and porcelain-fused-to-metal
- Same-day crowns are possible with CEREC technology – eliminating temporary crowns and second appointments
- Proper care extends restoration lifespan – crowns and bridges last 10 to 20 years with good oral hygiene and regular visits
Dental crowns and bridges are foundational restorative treatments that rebuild damaged teeth and replace missing teeth. These prosthetics restore function, protect remaining tooth structure, and improve appearance for patients with compromised dentition. For residents of Gorham, Westbrook, Windham, and surrounding Cumberland County communities, understanding these options supports informed decisions about restorative care.
Full-mouth reconstruction: rebuilding your smile and oral health often incorporates crowns and bridges as core components. The guide to choosing the right dental care in Gorham provides broader context for understanding comprehensive treatment options.
What Are Dental Crowns and Bridges?
A dental crown is a tooth-shaped cap that covers the entire visible portion of a tooth above the gum line. Crowns restore strength, shape, and appearance to teeth that are damaged, decayed, or weakened. A dental bridge replaces one or more missing teeth by attaching artificial teeth to crowns placed on adjacent natural teeth or implants.
The American Dental Association (ADA) classifies both crowns and bridges as fixed prosthodontic restorations. Unlike removable appliances such as dentures, patients cannot remove crowns or bridges for cleaning. The restorations are cemented in place and function as permanent replacements.
Crowns address individual compromised teeth. Bridges address gaps created by missing teeth. Both restorations rely on the supporting teeth or implants for stability and function. Dental implants vs dentures: choosing the right tooth replacement explains alternative options for patients with more extensive tooth loss.
Types of Dental Crowns
Crown materials vary in strength, appearance, durability, and cost. The choice depends on the tooth’s location, the patient’s bite forces, aesthetic requirements, and budget.
Porcelain (All-Ceramic) Crowns
All-porcelain crowns offer the most natural appearance, matching adjacent teeth in color, translucency, and surface texture. These crowns are the preferred choice for front teeth where aesthetics are paramount. Modern ceramic materials such as lithium disilicate and zirconia provide strength comparable to metal crowns while maintaining natural appearance. Porcelain crowns are metal-free and biocompatible.
Porcelain-Fused-to-Metal (PFM) Crowns
PFM crowns combine a metal substructure with a porcelain outer layer. The metal provides strength and durability, while the porcelain provides natural appearance. PFM crowns are strong and cost-effective, making them suitable for back teeth where aesthetics are less critical. The metal margin may become visible over time as gums recede.
All-Metal Crowns
Gold alloy and other metal crowns are extremely durable and require minimal tooth preparation. These crowns withstand heavy bite forces and rarely fracture or chip. All-metal crowns are typically used on molars where strength matters most and appearance is less important. Some patients choose gold crowns for their durability and compatibility with opposing teeth.
Zirconia Crowns
Zirconia is a strong, white ceramic material used for both anterior and posterior crowns. Zirconia crowns combine the strength of metal with the aesthetics of porcelain. These crowns are highly biocompatible and resist fracture. Full-contour zirconia crowns are particularly suitable for patients with bruxism or heavy bite forces.
Types of Dental Bridges
Dental bridges replace missing teeth with prosthetic teeth attached to supporting structures. The type of bridge depends on the location of the missing tooth, the condition of adjacent teeth, and the patient’s oral health status.
Traditional Fixed Bridge
A traditional fixed bridge uses crowns on the teeth adjacent to the gap to anchor the prosthetic tooth in between. The bridge consists of two crowns connected to one or more artificial teeth. This is the most common bridge type and is suitable for patients with healthy teeth on both sides of the gap.
Cantilever Bridge
A cantilever bridge uses a single crown on one adjacent tooth to support the prosthetic tooth. This design is used when only one healthy tooth is available next to the gap. Cantilever bridges are less common and typically limited to areas with lower bite forces, such as front teeth.
Maryland Bonded Bridge
A Maryland bonded bridge uses metal or porcelain wings attached to the back of adjacent teeth rather than full crowns. This conservative approach requires minimal tooth preparation and is often used for replacing single front teeth. The wings are bonded to the adjacent teeth with resin.
Implant-Supported Bridge
An implant-supported bridge uses dental implants as anchors rather than natural teeth. This option preserves natural tooth structure and provides stable support for replacing multiple missing teeth. Implant-supported bridges are particularly useful when several adjacent teeth are missing and natural teeth are not suitable as anchors.
The Dental Crown Procedure
The crown procedure typically requires two appointments. The first appointment prepares the tooth and captures impressions. The second appointment places the permanent crown. CEREC same-day technology combines these steps into a single appointment when available.
First Visit: Preparation and Impressions
At the first appointment, the dentist administers local anesthesia and reshapes the tooth by removing 1.5 to 2 millimeters of tooth structure. This preparation creates space for the crown. The dentist then takes impressions using either traditional materials or digital intraoral scanners. The impressions guide the dental laboratory in fabricating the permanent crown. A temporary crown protects the prepared tooth while the permanent crown is being made.
Second Visit: Permanent Crown Placement
Two to three weeks later, the patient returns for the second visit. The dentist removes the temporary crown and checks the permanent crown’s fit, color, and bite. After confirming proper fit and patient satisfaction, the dentist cements the crown into place. The crown is then polished and checked for bite adjustments.
Same-Day Crowns with CEREC Technology
CEREC technology enables crown fabrication in a single visit. The dentist prepares the tooth and captures a digital impression. Computer software designs the crown. An in-office milling machine fabricates the crown from a ceramic block in under two hours. The crown is then polished and cemented the same day, eliminating the temporary crown and second appointment. This convenience is particularly valuable for patients in Westbrook and Portland commuting to Gorham for care.
The Dental Bridge Procedure
The bridge procedure follows a similar two-visit process to crown placement, as the supporting teeth require preparation and temporization.
First Visit: Abutment Preparation
The dentist administers local anesthesia and reshapes the teeth adjacent to the gap. These teeth, called abutments, receive crown preparations. The dentist takes impressions of the prepared teeth and the gap. A temporary bridge protects the prepared teeth and maintains the space during fabrication.
Second Visit: Bridge Placement
At the second appointment, the dentist removes the temporary bridge and tries in the permanent bridge. After confirming proper fit and bite, the dentist cements the bridge onto the prepared abutment teeth. The bridge is now a fixed part of the patient’s dentition.
Crowns vs. Bridges: Understanding the Difference
Crowns and bridges serve distinct purposes in restorative dentistry. Crowns address individual tooth problems. Bridges address gaps from missing teeth. Understanding this distinction helps patients recognize which restoration applies to their situation.
Longevity and Care for Crowns and Bridges
Crowns and bridges last many years with proper care, but their longevity depends on patient maintenance and regular professional monitoring.
Expected Lifespan
Crowns typically last 15 to 20 years. Bridges typically last 10 to 15 years. Factors affecting lifespan include oral hygiene, bite forces, bruxism, diet, and regular dental visits. Crowns and bridges can last longer with excellent care or fail earlier with poor maintenance.
A 2023 systematic review in the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry reported that crown survival rates exceed 90 percent at 10 years and 80 percent at 20 years. Bridge survival rates are slightly lower, with approximately 85 percent surviving at 10 years.
Maintenance Requirements
Maintaining crowns and bridges requires specific care:
- Brushing: Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste, paying attention to the gum line around restorations
- Flossing: Floss around crowns daily; for bridges, use floss threaders or water flossers to clean underneath the bridge
- Interdental cleaning: Use interdental brushes or floss threaders for bridge pontic areas
- Avoid hard foods: Avoid chewing ice, hard candies, or other hard objects on restorations
- Nightguard: Patients with bruxism should wear a nighttime guard to protect restorations
- Regular visits: Schedule professional cleanings and examinations every six months
Signs of Problems
Patients should watch for signs that a crown or bridge requires attention. Sensitivity to temperature may indicate decay under the restoration. Pain during biting suggests a crack, loose restoration, or nerve involvement. Visible gaps at the restoration margin indicate cement loss or tooth movement. Any of these signs warrants a dental evaluation.
Cost Considerations for Gorham Patients
The cost of crowns and bridges varies based on material, complexity, and laboratory fees. All-porcelain and zirconia crowns typically cost more than PFM crowns due to material and fabrication costs. Bridges cost more than individual crowns because they require multiple units and more extensive laboratory work.
Dental insurance typically covers 50 to 80 percent of crown and bridge fees when the procedure is medically necessary. Annual maximums often limit coverage to $1,000 to $2,000, which may cover only a portion of the total investment. Patients should review their policy details and discuss coverage with their provider’s administrative team.
Many dental practices in Gorham and Cumberland County offer financing options for restorative work. Health savings accounts and flexible spending accounts may also be used for qualifying procedures.
Frequently Asked Questions About Crowns and Bridges
How long do dental crowns last? Dental crowns typically last 15 to 20 years with proper care. Factors affecting longevity include oral hygiene, bite forces, bruxism, diet, and regular dental visits. PFM and zirconia crowns tend to last longer than all-porcelain crowns due to their strength. Regular maintenance extends crown lifespan.
Is getting a crown painful? Crown preparation requires local anesthesia and is not painful during the procedure. Patients may experience post-operative sensitivity for a few days as the tooth adjusts to the temporary crown. The permanent crown placement is painless. Over-the-counter pain relievers manage any mild sensitivity effectively.
Can a bridge be placed on implants? Yes, implant-supported bridges use dental implants as anchors rather than natural teeth. This approach preserves natural tooth structure and provides stable support for replacing multiple missing teeth. Implant-supported bridges are particularly useful when several adjacent teeth are missing and natural teeth are not suitable as anchors.
What happens if a crown falls off? If a crown falls off, patients should keep the crown and contact their dentist promptly. Do not attempt to reattach the crown with household adhesives. In the meantime, patients can temporarily place the crown back over the tooth using over-the-counter dental cement or denture adhesive. Avoid chewing on that side until the crown can be permanently recemented.
Can crowns and bridges be whitened? Crowns and bridges do not respond to teeth whitening products. The porcelain or ceramic material will not change color. Patients should whiten natural teeth before having crowns or bridges fabricated so the restorations can be matched to the whitened shade. After placement, only natural teeth can be whitened.
People Also Ask
Can a crown be placed on a tooth with a large filling? Yes, teeth with large fillings are common candidates for crowns. When more than 50 percent of the tooth structure is compromised by filling material, a crown provides necessary protection and strength. Crowns encircle the entire tooth, preventing fracture and providing long-term stability.
What is the alternative to a dental bridge? Alternatives to dental bridges include dental implants, removable partial dentures, and resin-bonded (Maryland) bridges. Implants offer the most natural tooth replacement by preserving bone and functioning independently. Dentures are removable and less expensive but less stable. The best option depends on the patient’s specific situation.
How do I clean under a bridge? Cleaning under a bridge requires special tools including floss threaders, interdental brushes, or water flossers. Floss threaders pull floss under the bridge to clean the area between the pontic and gum tissue. Water flossers flush debris from under the bridge. Regular cleaning prevents decay in the abutment teeth and gum inflammation.
Are zirconia crowns better than porcelain? Zirconia crowns offer superior strength and fracture resistance compared to all-porcelain crowns. They are also highly biocompatible and metal-free. However, some patients prefer all-porcelain for front teeth due to its superior translucency and natural appearance. The choice depends on the tooth location and aesthetic requirements.
Can a bridge be done in one day? Traditional bridges require two visits, as the laboratory fabrication takes two to three weeks. CEREC technology can fabricate some bridges in a single day, depending on the bridge’s complexity and the number of units. Not all bridges are suitable for same-day fabrication. Patients should discuss their specific case with their dentist.
People Also Search For
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About the Dentists
This educational guide was developed with insights from the dental professionals at Morgan Dental Care, who provide restorative services for patients in Gorham and Cumberland County.
Dr. Brett Morgan is a general and cosmetic dentist serving patients in the Gorham community. His practice emphasizes comprehensive care, integrating modern technology including digital scanning, CEREC same-day crowns, and advanced restorative techniques. Learn more about Dr. Morgan.
Dr. Tim Adamchuk provides family and preventive dentistry to patients of all ages. His commitment to ongoing education keeps him current with the latest advancements in restorative dentistry. Learn more about Dr. Adamchuk.
Morgan Dental Care is located at 94 Main Street, Gorham, ME 04038, near the USM Gorham campus and Gorham Historic District. The practice serves patients throughout Cumberland County, including Westbrook, Windham, Standish, Buxton, Scarborough, South Portland, and surrounding communities. Read the full guide to full-mouth reconstruction.
Sources and References
- American Dental Association (ADA) – Crowns and Bridges Patient Information
- Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry – Crown and Bridge Survival Rates (2023 Systematic Review)
- National Institutes of Health / PubMed – Long-term Outcomes of Fixed Prosthodontics
- Academy of General Dentistry (AGD) – Restorative Treatment Guidelines
- Maine Board of Dental Practice – Standards of Care for Restorative Dentistry
Conclusion
Dental crowns and bridges are reliable, durable restorations that restore function and appearance for patients with damaged or missing teeth. Crowns protect compromised individual teeth, while bridges fill gaps created by tooth loss. Both restorations improve chewing ability, maintain proper bite alignment, and enhance smile aesthetics.
Modern materials and technology, including all-porcelain and zirconia crowns, CEREC same-day restorations, and implant-supported bridges, offer patients more options than ever before. Understanding the types, procedures, and maintenance requirements helps patients in Gorham and surrounding communities make informed decisions about their restorative care.
Morgan Dental Care, located at 94 Main Street in Gorham near the USM campus, provides comprehensive crown and bridge services for patients throughout Cumberland County. Patients interested in learning more about restorative options are encouraged to schedule a consultation to discuss their specific needs and treatment goals.
Last reviewed: July 2026
